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Kawai’s Guide to Excellence

The five steps to perfection

A grand piano is an investment of a lifetime. Chosen wisely, it can offer a lifetime of unmatched enjoyment in return. The selection of a grand piano can appear to be a daunting task at first, until one breaks it down into a step-by-step process.

Knowing what to look for in a grand piano can help even the first-time purchaser distinguish an exceptional instrument from a good one. This "Guide to Excellence" will provide you with a checklist of the essential characteristics of a great instrument.

Every grand piano has five attributes which are critical to its performance, durability, and overall quality. These are:

 

 

 

Tone              Touch                   Strength                  Beauty                   Detail

Learn to recognize with your own eyes these five characteristics, to confirm and judge with your own ears.

 

Tone

Tone is the rich, resonant sound quality that emanates from a well-crafted piano. A fine instrument should be capable of providing exceptional tone through the full range of musical expression... powerful, delicate, short, long, fast, or slow. Whatever the dynamic requirement, the piano must respond with clear and expressive tone that reflects the player's intentions. Superb tone is the first hallmark of a fine Kawai grand piano.

 

Only straight-grained, quarter-sawn spruce is chosen for all Kawai grand piano soundboards. Kawai employs state-of-the-art equipment to measure the speed at which sound energy travels across a soundboard. Only those which exceed Kawai's demanding "resonance standards" are selected for the RX Series grand pianos.

 

Full length ribs

 

Kawai's spruce ribs span the full length of the soundboard. Kawai engineers have devised a technique for strategically placing ribs in order to direct sound energy to the most responsive areas of the soundboard. This helps balance bass and treble and enhances both power and tone quality.

 

The resulting structural focus creates incredible strength as these converging strength centres, now joined and working as "one", provide a solid core foundation that maximizes the reflective capabilities of the rim. Greater power, longer sustain and more resonant tone made possible by optimum reflected energy.

 

 

Selection of the finest woods

 

Kawai craftsmen use all the senses... smell, sight, touch, and sound... in the selection of wood. But it is only their "sixth sense"honed by years of experience that results in the final selection of wood worthy of a Kawai grand piano.

 

Solid spruce soundboards

 

The soundboard is the very heart of the piano's tone. Sensibility and its strength. Today, virtually all of the world's finest concert grand pianos possess a soundboard made of solid spruce.

 

tree trunk

 

The Kawai "CORE" system

 

CORE is an acronym representing "Convergence for Optimum Reflected Energy". This convergence refers to the way the piano's "strength centres" focus toward one central point of the piano's structure. The rim, plate and three underside beams all converge toward a metal connector at the heart of the piano.

 

The CORE system

 

The bridges

 

Bridges transfer the vibrations of the strings to the soundboard. All Kawai bass bridges are made of the highest quality hard maple or beech. Treble bridges consist of 13 vertical layers of hard maple and mahogany for maximum strength and optimal transfer of sound. The RX-6 and RX-7 feature a single, continuous bridge which enables a smooth transition between bass and treble registers.

 

The bridges

Touch

Playing a piano is as much an experience of touch as it is of tone. Hour after hour, day after day, the musician's hands come in contact with the piano's keys. The piano's responsiveness can make a critical difference which can affect the player's performance, confidence and overall playing enjoyment.

Consistent, ultra-responsive touch is a Kawai tradition.

Key material

A piano key must be made of material strong enough to withstand the impact of extremely hard, repeated blows...yet light enough to return to its original position with proper timing under all dynamic conditions. Spruce is the ideal key material. Spruce responds with proper balance and timing on the upward keystroke and is exceptionally resilient to withstand years of heavy use. Kawai uses only solid spruce for the piano keys.

 

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Weighted and balanced keys

Evenness of touch is crucial to the player. Every key must respond uniformly in relation to all other keys on the keyboard. The keys of the RX Series grands are individually weighted and balanced to adjust for differences in hammer size. Weights are scientifically positioned at different points in each key to provide an even, balanced touch across the entire keyboard.

 

Key surface texture

Many of today's synthetic materials, such as acrylic plastic and phenol, lack the subtle texture and moisture-absorbing properties of ivory and ebony. Normal perspiration from the fingers can cause that type of key to be "slippery" and difficult to play, especially during long performances or in warmer climates.

 

NEOTEX™ is Kawai's exclusive keytop material made of cellulose fiber. It offers the smooth, understaed texture of natural ivory and ebony...and a semi-porous, silica-filled surface to absorb the hand's natural oils and perspiration. Since NEOTEX™ material is used for both the white and black keys, the feel of the keys will be consistent across the entire keyboard. NEOTEX™ resists cracking and fading over years and years of use.

 

Action assembly

Kawai's Ultra-Responsive Action™ is the most stable piano action in the world. It is an improved verion of the internationally-acclaimed Herz action, preferred by generations of the finest pianists.

The action for the european market is made only of excellent woods, of which durability was proven above all in practice in countless tests. The durability of the Kawai actions is highly regarded in colleges and conservatories, where the instruments are played up to 18 hours daily.

 

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Aluminium action rail

The action rail is the spine of a piano's action. It is the foundation which holds the various action parts together. The "extrusion" process creates an action rail which is both strong and consistent. Aluminum is more stable than wood. It will not warp, crack, expand or contract under any climatic conditions. The result is an action rail which offers a lifetime of stability to the action assembly.

 

Die-cast action brackets

Because they are made from a custom mold, die-cast parts are formed exactly the same every time. RX Series action brackets, which hold the action rail firmly in place, are die-cast to provide an added measure of strength and uniform stability to the action.

 

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Hammers

A piano's hammers consist of three components: the hammer moulding, the felt, and the hammer shank. All three play an important role in the hammer's ability to translate the player's intentions to the strings.

Mahogany hammer mouldings

Mahogany hammers are lightweight and extremely responsive. Usually found on only more expensive grand pianos, mahogany is used for hammer mouldings on the entire line of RX Series grands.

 

Oval-shaped hammer shanks

 

High treble hammer shanks for the RX Series grand pianos are designed with an oval shape which is thicker through the vertical axis for greater strength to resist bending... and thinner across the horizontal axis to minimize weight. This oval design allows the hammer to move more swiftly, resulting in a lighter, more delicate touch. Kawai uses hornbeam for the hammer shanks on all models in the RX Series line. Hornbeam is a highly durable wood usually found on only more expensive grand pianos.

Hammer felt

All RX Series hammers are reinforced, stapled and double-felted with the world's finest 21 or 21-1/2 pound premium wool felt. All RX Series hammer felt is specially treated to be both moisture-resistant and moth-resistant for long-term durability.

 

Strength

The strength of a well-crafted instrument makes the piano one of the most impressive examples of engineering and craftsmanship available today. Kawai grand pianos are internationally acclaimed for superior strength and durability.

 

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Rim and beam construction

The RX Series rims are built using cross-banding and lamination techniques which allow them to support the several thousand pounds of constant tension exerted by the strings. The RX Series beams are made of select hardwood laminates, glued together under pressure, making them virtually "isotropic" (equally strong in all directions) and impervious to weather changes and warpage.

 

Four-way joinery

Kawai joins the beams to the inner rim using four independent joinery techniques in a single process. Each beam is: (1) doweled... fitted with a hardwood rod, (2) mortised into the inner rim for precise fit, (3) glued, and (4) secured with hardened screws for aggregate bonding strength through the entire thickness of the inner rim.

 

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Plate construction

 

The plate is the acoustically-neutral, iron superstructure of the piano. It should not transmit or absorb sound energy. Rather, it is the structure over which the strings are tensioned. Therefore, it must be strong and durable. All plates on the RX Series grands are molded using the Vacuum Mold Process. Additionally, the crossbone design provides added strength to the plate. The result is a plate which is both strong and beautiful.

 

The seasoning process

Wood that contains too much moisture is subject to cracking and other structural concerns. The wood is usually placed in large kilns during an initial de-moisturizing process. Once the wood is properly seasoned, it can adapt to a range of climates. After a long period of seasoning, wood reaches an ideal Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC) at which it will not give off additional moisture (even in a very dry climate) and will only absorb nominal surface-level moisture (even in the most humid climate). In some cases, wood can take over a decade under the watchful eyes of Kawai's master builders to become fully seasoned.

Kawai knows that there could be many climates within a state. For this reason Kawai waits patiently for this "equilibrium" to arrive to assure that the grand pianos will adapt to a wide range of climates.

 

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Pinblocks and tuning pins

The pinblock is the multi-laminated housing for the tuning pins. It must exert sufficient torque (pressure) on the tuning pins to prevent slippage, yet be forgiving enough to allow the pins to be rotated in either direction for tuning. All RX Series pinblocks are fully laminated with a minimum of 11 cross-banded layers of hard maple. Experience has shown that the finest pinblock construction uses cross-banded, multiple layers of dense hardwood (such as maple), to reach an optimal strength and torque.

 

Kawai tuning pins are made from the finest "machinery-strength carbon steel"...formulated to withstand the most rigorous pressure and tension. Pins are machine-threaded for maximum continuous torque. Nickel-plating enhances beauty and provides long-term protection.

 

Beauty

A grand piano animates the senses and expresses symmetry, elegance, splendor, and refinement. For centuries, the grand piano has been a preeminent symbol of grace and beauty.

The beauty of a Kawai grand is the reward of craftsmanship...not just a word at Kawai, but a way of life.

Ebony finishes

The finish of an ebony grand piano is made of polyester... a material which is not only attractive, but durable. It protects against spilled liquids, and other hazards which can badly damage a piano's finish. Polyester is a highly stable material, not affected by changes in humidity. In contrast, wood is a dynamic material which will change in size with changes in climate. Problems can arise if a stable material is applied directly to a changing surface. In this case, polyester can crack or come loose over time if a manufacturer applies it directly to wood.

Kawai uses the most advanced undersurface material available today, called a "phenolic backer", as a buffer layer to provide a solid bond between polyester and wood. The phenolic backer has two main roles:
Evens The Surface.
The phenolic backer smoothes and evens the wood surface, eliminating the slight ridges or waves that would not otherwise be removed, even by fine sanding.
Seals The Wood.
The phenolic backer seals the wood from ambient humidity, thus preventing the wood from expanding or contracting. The result is an exquisite ebony finish that endures.

 

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Hard finish music rack

The music rack must support a variety of music books and music writing implements. Kawai's Hard Finish protects the music rack from being scratched or marred...preserving the piano's beauty.

 

Other finishes

No two piano environments are alike. Architecture, colors, furniture styles and room designs differ widely from place to place. Therefore, it is important to have a selection of grand piano finishes to satisfy a range of tastes and styles.
The RX Series line includes an array of ebony and natural wood finishes to beautifully complement any surroundings.

 

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Detail

The "Quest for Excellence" demands dutiful thought and attention to every aspect of a fine grand piano. It is thoughtful attention to the subtleties that elevates one's work from the satisfactory to the sublime. At Kawai, detail is the "crowning touch" of excellence.

 

"Soft Fall" fallboard

The fallboard is designed with a dual-damping mechanism so sensitive that it was dubbed "soft fall". The ultra-slow fallboard closing system protects hands, fingers and the piano's finish from the harm that a jarring close might cause.

 

Solid brass casters

RX Series grand casters are larger than those used by some manufacturers... making them more durable and easier on floors and carpets. With the mirror-like polish of solid brass, casters add to the beauty of every Kawai grand piano.

 

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Beveled topboard

The attractive routed edge of the topboard accents the stylish beauty of the RX piano's lines.

 

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Lid props

Three separate lid props enable the RX Series grands to adapt to specific musical and acoustical requirements.

 

Black-finished beams

Beams finished in black offer a quiet elegance that can be seen whenever the piano is on stage. The dark beams in front of the light soundboard reach a charming contrast.

The plate

Resplendent with golden hue, the plate and Kawai insignia glisten with the warm satisfaction that accompanies the attainment of excellence.

 

     RAC Pianos

Longfield Nursery, Epping Road, Roydon, Harlow, Essex CM19 5DW

01279 792129      www.racpianos@tiscali.co.uk

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